Research on Community Participation Mechanism in National Parks Management in China
-
摘要: 社区参与是一种实现社区与保护地协同发展的管理策略，已应用于众多保护地的管理中。在我国国家公园体制建设背景下，对社区参与的研究具有指导意义。文中分析了我国国家公园建设面临的社区人口基数大、社区经济欠发达、土地权属问题、保护地遗留问题等社区背景，在借鉴国外保护地管理中社区参与的先进经验的基础上，从"谁来参与""参与什么""怎么参与"3个基本要素构建了我国国家公园的社区参与机制，以期能够为我国国家公园建设管理提供参考。Abstract: Community participation is a management strategy to realize the coordinated development of communities and protected areas, which has been applied in the management of protected areas. In the background of the institutional development of national parks in China, it is of important significance to study the community participation. This paper analyzed the background information of national parks development in China, including large population, underdeveloped community economy, land tenure disputes, and legacy of protected areas. Drawing lessons learned from foreign experiences in community participation, the paper set up China's community participation mechanism in national park management based on three basic elements of "who participated", "what to participate in" and "how to participate in". This study was aimed to provide references for China's national park management.
-
Key words:
- national park /
- protected areas /
- community participation /
- stakeholders /
- China
-
表 1 国家公园社区参与内容
社区参与内容 角色 社区参与的好处 社区参与程度 信息投入 决策参与者 达成共识，主人翁意识，承担责任 高 生产资料投入 投资者或经营者 发展地方经济，增强自力更生的能力 ↑ 劳动投入 国家公园和相关企业从业人员 增加就业，参与管理与保护 行为投入 传统社区居民 传承传统生活方式，保持文化传统 低 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 闫水玉, 孙梦琪, 陈丹丹.集体选择视角下国家公园社区参与制度研究[J].西部人居环境学刊, 2016, 31(4):68-72. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/shinsj201604011 [2] HASAN E, BAHAUDDIN K M. Community's perception and involvement in co-management of Bhawal National Park, Bangladesh[J]. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2014, 4(3):60-67. https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JNSR/article/viewFile/11065/11366 [3] 杨锐.论中国国家公园体制建设中的九对关系[J].中国园林, 2011, 30(8):5-8. [4] 高燕, 邓毅, 张浩, 等.境外国家公园社区管理冲突:表现、溯源及启示[J].旅游学刊, 2017, 32(1):111-122. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-5006.2017.01.016 [5] COLCHESTER M. Beyond "participation":indigenous peoples, biological diversity conservation and protected area management[J]. Unasylva, 1996, 47(186):33-39. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/NSTLQK/NSTL_QKJJ0218759690/ [6] BAJRACHARYA S B, FURLEY P A, NEWTON A C. Impacts of community-based conservation on local communities in the Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal[J]. Biodiversity & Conservation, 2006, 15(8):2765-2786. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=JJ0231283357 [7] NOVELLI M, SCARTH A. Tourism in protected areas:integrating conservation and community development in Liwonde National Park (Malawi)[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development, 2007, 4(1):47-73. doi: 10.1080/14790530701289697 [8] 沃里克·弗罗斯特, C. 迈克尔·霍尔. 旅游与国家公园: 发展、历史与演进的国际视野[M]. 王连勇, 译. 上海: 商务印书馆, 2014. [9] RASOOLIMANESH S M, JAAFAR M. Sustainable tourism development and residents' perceptions in World Heritage Site destinations[J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 2017, 22(1):34-38. doi: 10.1080/10941665.2016.1175491 [10] LI W J. Community decisionmaking participation in development[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2006, 33(1):132-143. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2005.07.003 [11] 邹晨斌, 李明华.我国国家公园多方化管理探析:以越南丰芽-格邦国家公园共存管理模式为例[J].世界林业研究, 2017, 30(4):63-67. http://www.sjlyyj.com/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20170412&journal_id=sjlyyj [12] 胡绍康. 《钱江源国家公园体制试点区总体规划(2016-2025)》正式获批[EB/OL]. (2017-11-07)[2018-05-23]. http://khnews.zjol.com.cn/khnews/system/2017/11/07/030505326.shtml. [13] 王江江. 武夷山国家公园: 生态理念深植碧水丹山[EB/OL]. (2017-03-27)[2018-05-23]. http://www.wysxww.com/2017-03/27/content_25362.htm. [14] 方言, 吴静.中国国家公园的土地权属与人地关系研究[J].旅游科学, 2017, 31(3):14-23. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lvykx201703002 [15] 庄优波, 杨锐, 赵智聪.国家公园体制试点区试点实施方案初步分析[J].中国园林, 2017, 33(8):5-11. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgyl201708002 [16] PRELL C, HUBACEK K, REED M. Stakeholder analysis and social network analysis in natural resource management[J]. Society & Natural Resources, 2009, 22(6):501-518. doi: 10.1080/08941920802199202 [17] 陈倩. 麦基佛"Community"理论研究[D]. 上海: 上海师范大学, 2013. [18] DAIM M S, BAKRI A F, KAMARUDIN H, et al. Being neighbor to a national park:are we ready for community participation?[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012, 36(36):211-220. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042812004910 [19] 刘纬华.关于社区参与旅游发展的若干理论思考[J].旅游学刊, 2000(1):47-52. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-5006.2000.01.009 [20] ORMSBY A, KAPLIN B A. A framework for understanding community resident perceptions of Masoala National Park, Madagascar[J]. Environmental Conservation, 2005, 32(2):156-164. doi: 10.1017/S0376892905002146 [21] WALPOLE M J, GOODWIN H J. Local attitudes towards conservation and tourism around Komodo National Park, Indonesia[J]. Environmental Conservation, 2010, 28(2):160-166. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/NSTLQK/NSTL_QKJJ022768298/ [22] 张朝枝.基于旅游视角的国家公园经营机制改革[J].环境保护, 2017, 45(14):28-33. [23] 张玉钧, 徐亚丹, 贾倩.国家公园生态旅游利益相关者协作关系研究:以仙居国家公园公盂园区为例[J].旅游科学, 2017, 31(3):51-64, 74. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lvykx201703005 [24] ANDRADE G S M, RHODES J R. Protected areas and local communities:an inevitable partnership toward successful conservation strategies?[J]. Ecology & Society, 2012, 17(4). DOI: 10.5751/es-05216-170414. [25] 张婧雅, 张玉钧.论国家公园建设的公众参与[J].生物多样性, 2017, 25(1):80-87. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/swdyx201701010 [26] AAS C, LADKIN A, FLETCHER J. Stakeholder collaboration and heritage management[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 2005, 32(1):28-48. doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2004.04.005 [27] STRICKLAND-MUNRO J, MOORE S. Indigenous involvement and benefits from tourism in protected areas:a study of Purnululu National Park and Warmun Community, Australia[J]. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2013, 21(1):26-41. doi: 10.1080/09669582.2012.680466 [28] 苗鸿, 欧阳志云, 王效科, 等. 自然保护区的社区管理: 问题与对策[C]//生物多样性保护与区域可持续发展: 第四届全国生物多样性保护与持续利用研讨会论文集. 武汉: 中国科学院生物多样性委员会, 2000: 41-54. [29] 陈邦杰. 社区保护地生态旅游的社区参与模式研究[D]. 昆明: 云南大学, 2016. -
点击查看大图
图(1) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1818
- HTML全文浏览量: 10
- PDF下载量: 942
- 被引次数: 0
