Heterosis, Genetic Control Mode of Important Traits and Possibility about Heterosis Prediction in Forest Trees
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摘要: 林木杂交育种成功的先决条件, 取决于杂种具有的正向杂种优势是否明显, 因此林木杂种优势的机理研究十分重要。一般来讲, 林木重要性状的杂种优势产生的机理应和该性状的遗传控制方式一致, 但是林木重要性状的遗传控制方式取决于交配群体的遗传结构, 并和多种因素有关, 因而不应随便地根据几个随机亲本的配合力分析结果, 就断然肯定该树种杂交是否有前途。与以往更多地重视种间杂交的观点不同, 文中认为林木的种内杂交在林木多性状改良中也有着巨大的潜力, 并将发挥重要作用。最后根据林木杂种优势与配合力间的联系, 就其对林木杂优预测的影响提出了笔者的认识。Abstract: A prerequisite of successful cross breeding of forest trees is whether positive heterosis of hybrids is obviously manifested or not. So it is very important to study the mechanism of heterosis. In general, mechanisms in which heterosis of important traits in forest trees generates are supposed to be consistent with genetic control mode of the important traits. But the genetic control mode of those important traits is decided by genetic structure of mating population, and is associated with multiple factors. So it cannot confirm or deny the prospect of cross breeding in some tree species toward heterosis only based on analysis results of combining ability using some parents sampled randomly.Holding a different viewpoint from those emphasizing the cross breeding across more than one species, the authors thinks that intraspecific crossing also has great potential and will play an important role in improvement of multiple traits in forest trees. At last, some suggestions about heterosis prediction were proposed according to the relationship between heterosis and combining ability of forest trees.
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Key words:
- heterosis /
- gene action mode /
- genetic distance /
- heterosis prediction
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表 1 国内外部分阔叶树和针叶树生长性状的遗传测定结果
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